hot cross buns
Processing
4
Ultra-processed
Group 4 of 4 on the NOVA scale
Additives listed
12
0 we grade moderate or higher
7 of them not yet assessed here
Sugars per 100g
10.70g
Medium
UK FSA front of pack threshold
Three separate readings, kept apart on purpose. This is not a score, and none of it says this product is harmful.
Additives (12)
This label lists 4 emulsifiers, 2 acidity regulators, 2 preservatives, 2 thickeners and gelling agents, 1 antioxidant and 1 additive.
E202
Potassium sorbate
Preservative
What it is. The potassium salt of sorbic acid, which stops mould and yeast growth.
Why it is used. Used in cheese, baked goods, dried fruit, wine and dressings.
What the evidence says. Widely used and long regarded as one of the gentler preservatives. EFSA's 2015 re-evaluation lowered the acceptable daily intake and noted gaps in the genotoxicity data, asking for more work, while finding no evidence of harm at the levels actually used.
Permitted with maximum levels. EFSA has asked for further data rather than restricted it.
Assessed against EFSA. Full entry for E202
E220
Sulphur dioxide and sulphites
Preservative
What it is. A preservative that stops browning and microbial growth.
Why it is used. Used in dried fruit, wine, some soft drinks and processed potato.
What the evidence says. Not a cancer concern, but a well established trigger for asthma symptoms and sensitivity in some people, which is why it is a declarable allergen. Clear, strong evidence, but the concern applies to a specific group rather than everyone.
Permitted, but must be declared on the label when above a small threshold because of the allergy risk.
Assessed against EFSA, UK FSA. Full entry for E220
E471
Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
Emulsifier
What it is. Fat derived emulsifiers, closely related to ordinary dietary fats.
Why it is used. One of the most used additives in food: bread, margarine, ice cream, cakes and sauces.
What the evidence says. The body handles these much as it handles other fats, and EFSA's re-evaluation raised no safety concern at the levels used. They sit in the same broad emulsifier and gut microbiome research question as the others, which remains unsettled.
Permitted without a numerical limit. The fat source is not always stated, which matters for some diets rather than for safety.
Assessed against EFSA. Full entry for E471
E300
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
Antioxidant
What it is. Vitamin C, added to protect colour and flavour and sometimes to fortify.
Why it is used. Stops browning in juices and cut fruit, protects fats, and boosts vitamin content.
What the evidence says. Beneficial and harmless at the levels used. Included here as a reminder that an E number is just a code, and plenty of them are ordinary nutrients.
Permitted freely, no concern.
Assessed against EFSA, JECFA. Full entry for E300
E330
Citric acid
Acidity regulator
What it is. A mild acid found naturally in citrus fruit, made commercially by fermentation.
Why it is used. Adds tartness, balances flavour and helps preserve. One of the most used additives in food.
What the evidence says. Safe at food levels. No credible health concern for the additive itself.
Permitted freely.
Assessed against EFSA, JECFA. Full entry for E330
Also on the label, not assessed here yet
- E1400 Dextrin thickener
- E270 Lactic acid acidity regulator
- E412 Guar gum thickener
- E422 Glycerol other
- E472E Mono- and diacetyltartaric acid esters (DATEM) emulsifier
- E481 Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate emulsifier
- E491 Sorbitan monostearate emulsifier
Names and jobs come from the register of additives permitted in Great Britain, which we have not finished transcribing: a code shown without a name is a gap in our coverage, not a finding that it is unapproved. Naming one is not grading it either. Full detail appears only where we have an assessment against a named authority, so all of this describes our coverage rather than these additives. Most are common and low concern.
Ingredients
Fortified wheat flour ( wheat flour, calcium carbonate, iron, niacin, thiamin), Sultana, Water, Raisins, Yeast, Sugar, Mixed peel (Orange peel, Glucose-fructose syrup, Sucrose, Lemon peel, Acidity Regulator (Citric acid), Preservative ( Sulphur dioxide)), Icing sugar, Rapeseed oil, Wheat gluten, Emulsifiers (Mono - and diglycerides of fatty acids, Mono - and diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono - and diglycerides of fatty acids, Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate, Sorbitan monostearate), Salt, Humectant (Glycerine), Dextrin, Palm oil, Flavouring, Acidity Regulators (Lactic acid, Citric acid), clove, preservative (Potassium sorbate), Flour Treatment Agent (Ascorbic acid), Stabiliser (Guar gum). ALLERGY ADVICE: For allergens, Including cereals containing gluten, see Ingredients in bold. May contain other allergens. Prepared in an open kitchen so we cannot guarantee suitability for people with allergin
As printed on the pack, in the producer's own order: ingredients are listed by weight, so what comes first is most of what is in it. E numbers link to their assessment where we have one.